A Taste of what you’ll Learn
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Basic
definition of Compound
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Basic
compound and their component element
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Formulae
of compounds
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Basic
definition of mixtures and examples
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Differences
between compounds and mixture
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Compound
A compound is formed from the combination of two or more
element which are chemically combined together. Examples are:
- marble chips/ Limestone/ Chalk (Caco3),
- sodium chloride (Nacl),
- caustic soda or Sodium hydroxide (Na OH),
- Lime water or calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2)
- Lime (Cao)
- Epsom salt/water (MgSO4. 7H2O)
- Urea (CH4N2O)
- Clay (Al2O3 2SiO2 2H2O)
Note: A
compound a formed as a result of chemical changes. Therefore, it is a new
substance with entirely different properties from its component element.
Read more on Elements
Read more on Elements
Compound and their component Element.
Compound
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Component
element
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Formula
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Ammonium
hydroxide
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Nitrogen, hydrogen and oxygen
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NH4 OH
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Sand
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Silicon and
oxygen
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SiO2
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Ethanol
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Carbon, Hydrogen, and oxygen
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C2 H5 OH
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Glucose
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Carbon,
Hydrogen, and oxygen
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C6 H12O6
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Washing
Soda
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Sodium, carbon, oxygen and hydrogen
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Na2CO3 .H2O
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Soap
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carbon,
Hydrogen, oxygen
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C17 H35COO Na
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Formulae of compound
Compounds Formula of
compound can be derived or deduced from the valency of component element or
radical. Examples are given below:
Compound
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Formulae
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Sodium
tetraoxosulphate (vi)
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Na2 SO4
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Potassium
trioxocarbonate (iv)
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K2CO3
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Ammonium
tetraoxosulphate (vi)
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(NH4)SO4
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Aluminium
oxide
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Al2O3
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Ammonium
hydroxide
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NH4OH
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Calcium
hydrogen trioxocarbonate (iv)
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Ca(HCO3)2
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Sodium
dioxonitrate
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Na NO2
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Calcium
trioxonitrate (v)
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Ca (NO3)2
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Ammonium
trioxocarbonate (iv)
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(NH4)2CO3
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Mixture
Mixture is a substance which contains two or more compounds
which are physically combined together. Examples:
(a)
Salt and water
(b)
Kerosene and water
(c)
Milk
(d)
Iron filling
(e)
Sulphur
(f)
Sugar solution etc.
Note: A mixture is a product of physical change.
Therefore, it cannot be represented by any chemical equation.
Differences between compound and mixture
Compound
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Mixture
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·
The components of a compound are
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The constituent of a mixture are
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Chemically combined.
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Physically combined
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·
It is homogeneous in nature.
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It is heterogeneous in nature.
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·
The properties of a compound is individual
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The properties is the sum of the
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totally different from its component
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Properties of its constituent.
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Element.
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·
It can be represented by simple chemical
Chemical Equations.
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It cannot be represented by simple equations.
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·
The components are in fixed ratio.
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The constituents are not in fixed ratio.
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There is an evidence of a chemical reaction
reaction
In a compound. Therefore, it
cannot be separated
constituents
by physical means.
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There is no evidence of a chemical
In a mixture. Therefore, the
Of a mixture can be separated by
Physical means.
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Conclusion
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